Metallic bushing and similar cylindrical body



F. MLLER.

METALLIC BUSHING AND SIMILAR CYLINDRICAL BODY.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31. I9II. RENEwED AUG. 3.1920.

F. MLLER.

METALLIC BUSHING AND SIMILAR GYLINDRICAL BODY.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31,1917. RENEwEn ,xm-1.3.1920.

w/mfss.- Z l .d n nvm/fof? Br d dm'ron Era' F. MLLER.

METALLIC BUSHING AND SIMILAR CYLINDRICAL BODY.

APPLICATION FILED MAY3I,19I7. RIINI'IWEDVAUG.3|19204 Patented N ov. 23, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. MLLER.

METALLIC BUSHING AND SIMILAR CYLINDRICAL BODY.

APPLlcATloN rlLED MAY 31, |917. RENEwED AUG.3.1920.

' 1,360,248. PawnaNov. 23, '1920.

' 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

l Xd A fr0/mini If. MLLER.

METALLIC BUSHING AND SIMILAR CYLINDRICAL BODY. APPLICATION msn MAY3|,1917. RENEwEn Aue.3. 1920.

Patented Nov. 23, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

a Y I .I Y /Nm/o Illlllllllllllllll[llllll a By GJ/mon YS Hm! I @a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..I

EBIEDEEICH IILLEB, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, AssIeNon To THE WHITNEY nre.. CO., OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION E CONNECTICUT.

IIETADLIC @USHING kAND sIiuILA'I-i CYLINDRICAIJ EODIr.'

Specification of Letters Patent. APatented' NOV. 23,1920.

Original application led December 31, 1914, SeiaINO. 879,912. Y Divided and this application. led May.

31, 1917A,` Serial No. 171,991. Renewed August 3, 1920. Serial Nog-401,083.

. new and useful Improvements in Metallic Bushings and Similar Cylindrical Bodies, of which the following is a specification.

This application is tiled as a division of my prior application', Serial No. 879,912,

filed December 31, 1914.

`My invention relates broadly and generp ally to new and useful improvements in metallic bushings bodies,-as an article of manufacture. A

An important object of the invention,

among others, is to produce a bushing which will be adapted for general use in the me- A chanicalarts, but which will be particularly` transmission chains, Afor instance, the well desirable for, .use in connection with power known form of sprocket chains, and' also. of

the link-belt typ@` which bushing may be made economically and rapidly from a blank j :advantages of being truly cylindrical both f s Y ...formas to` facilitate the assembling of the" Asame in the completed chain structure, par- -ticularly in'connectionywith a machine for of suitable metal, and .which will lhave the exteriorly and interiorly, which will have the Vain of the metal extended circumferentally l thereof, strengthening the same against'frac'- ture understrain, andwhich will be 'of such 'automatically applying said bushings to said chains, or the elements` of` chains. i The invention consists in the improve- -V Vments to bemre fully described hereinafter,

and the novelty of which will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

" accompanying drawings, to be taken .as a

`I 'have fully and clearly illustrated in the part of this specification, the improved bush-, view ofapreferrediembodiment Of the ma-l IIn said drawings, Fi'

view oa preferred em ,'diment of the machine, certain .parts being broken away to.'V

chine for carrying out the method for produc' saidbushing.

mg rel -is a toppl'an better disclose. the operation and arrangef ment 0f Certain .parts thereof.

2 is a vertical section Onthe line 2li-2k of @g1-looking infthe direction of the ar- A rows.

and *similar cylindrical.

i5- 15 of Fig. 14.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line ,3-3 of Fig. l: Y

Fig. 4 is a view in end elevation of a portion of the machine hown inFig. 1, and ill lustrating mechanism for operating a transfer slide. i

Fig.y 5 is a View in' rear elevation and partly 1n section, of a portion ofthe machine showing the arrangement ofthe transfer "slideoperated by the mechanism shown in .Fig 4, and` also a slide for operating a mandreL F i'g.'6 is a horizontal sectional view of a portion of the machine showing the location of a slide member for subjecting a blank to.

a curlin or forming die, certain parts being lremove and the transfer slide shown in position to receive the stock When it is fed through the guide block and cut-oli'.

Fig. is an'enlarged sectional detail view of a stripping device. y

. Fig. 8 is a front view of the transfer slide showing the same in the position it assumes after/ removing the blank from the cutting knife and presenting the same to the curling or forming die. Y

Fig. 9 is lan enlarged detail view of the A transfer slide.

Fig.. 10 is an enlarged sectional view through the transfer slide and showing the '-curlingfor forming'die, and a'sectional view of the mandrel located insaid curling or forming die. A v

yF ig. l1 is an enlarged-- vertical section through lthe transfer slide block showing the cutting knifef and its carrier, -and the'.

spring means for raising the same after the 'cutting operation. n

Fig. 12 is an enlarged verticalv sectional viewthrough roller means for'forming and sizing the bushings. Fig. 13 is an enlarged view .in side elevation of the sizing block and showing a stock plate to guide flat stock as it i's-being pushed into the curling or forming die.

- Fig. 14nis a verticalsectional view oa i modified form ofthe inventionlfor feeding the stock'in the form of previouslycut blanks (firom the hopper tothe curling or forming 1e. j lFig. `15 is a sectional view on the line Fig. 16 isa sectional-view'showing another means for-cutting oi the stock from a con.q

tinuous strip and presenting it to the slide f'or moving it into the curling or forming cie.

Fig. 17 is a secti on taken on the line 17--17 of Fig. 16 and showing/f the cutting-off plunger in lowermost position to serve as the guide for the stock as it is pushed into the curling or forming die.

Fig. 18 shows a plan and side elevation of the blank of metal from which the bushing is made, and previous to being curled.

Fig. 19 isa view in end elevation of the blank previous to being curled and showing the rounded edges, thereof.

Fig. 20 shows the position assumed by the blank afterbeing subjected to the action of the curling or forming die.

Fig. 21 shows the position assumed by the blank after being subjected t'o the forming rollers.

Fig. 22 is an end view of the completed bushing after it has been assed through the curling or forming die, t le forming rollers and the sizing bushing or die.

Fig. 23 is a longitudinal section through -the finished' bushing.

I will now describe my improved bushing and the method of producing the same. I

^ do not claim the method herein, but'do claim the same in the parent application Serial No. 879,919, filed December 31, 1914, of which this present application isa division.

\ The apparatus'is made the subject-matter of ing transversely of the strip'entirely acro the same so as to produce a recta ar blank having two of its opposite parallel sides to the other will produce a bushingofcorre-l spending length, and of such widthA from one inclined edge to the other that a bushing of t'he desired diameter and bore will be piO- duced. I then take this blank and by-a curl`-,

ing operation curl it on an axis extending parallel to the inclined or'transver'se sides, which produces a/tubular body substantially similar to the body showni'n end elevation in Fig. 20 of'the drawings. In this condition the inclined edges do-not meet anda true cylinder is not produced. In performing this curling operation I prefer to wrap the metal blank about .a mandrel or core located within-a cylindrical die member by.

\or wrap about the core.

Atage because it is not necessary forcing the blank with -one of its inclined edges foremost into said die, and about the cylindrical surface ofthe die forced to curl A preferred form of this die and core will be described in detail hereinafter. Y

Upon completion of the curling operation I "subject said body so curled, and while still on the mandrel, to a compression operationA whereby the meeting` inclined edges are forced into engagement with each other and a true cylindrical contour is given to both the bore and the circumference of said body. I vaccomplish this preferably'by forcing said body, such as shown in Fig. 20, and while still on the mandrel, through a pair of com pression die# rollers which press and shape said body to substantially the form shown in Fig. 21, in which the bushing is substanl tially cylindrical, but the cut edges of the y blank are slightl spaced apart and parallel to each other. in Fig. 21, and while still on the core or he body in the form shown mandrel, is then forced through a suitable compression die, which dcontracts the cylinder until itreaches the truecylindrical form shown in Fig. 22, in which the meeting edges abut. In this condition the bushing is completed and is in condition forV use in any situation desired. It will be noted that in producing this bushing the inclined cut edges in the completed article abut so as to lie in a plane substantially radial to the longitudinal axis of the bushing. It will also be seen that in the completed article the fiber or grain of the metal extends about the bushing circumferentially which is of great advantage in that thrs arrangement of the fibers provides a tough and more rigid bushing, Vwhich is not liable to be splintered under blows or strains, this be' due to the fact that the bushing is not brittle as thecase would be where the grain of the metal runs longitudinally of the bushing. The

roundedends of the bushing are of advanto mill or reduce the same in order-'to insert the bushing through'openings in chain links, as the case would be where the' bushings have squared ends, which are liable to have fins and which must be removed before aembling the bushingin a' chain structure. The rounded ends will b e found especially advan us when usedin a chain assembling machine, as the bushingsA can be readily fed tothe chain and assemfv bled therein without, regard to the Vform of the ends of the bushing. The action of the dies in comp and forming the blank, results in the metal' of the-starting blank or spurs of metal interfering with the insertion of the bu drawn, stretched or ilowed so the 13() scribed. Referring to the drawings, and4 finished product is of greater length than. the width of the starting blank, and its circumference is greater than the length ofthe blank.

I will .nowproceed to describe the ma chine for carrying out the method and producing the improved bushing above de particularly Figs. 1, 2 and 5 thereof-L- 1 designates a machine frame, the construction of which may be varied widely without affecting the scope of my invention, but preferably consisting of two wings or sections 2, 3 arranged at right angles to each other, and a short wing `or section 4 at right' angles to the part l'and extending in opposite directions from, and in longitudinal alinment with, the part 3. Mounted on the upper portion of the frame between the arts 3 and 4 is afixedblock 5, bolted to the d plate ofthe frame as at 6, and provided 'witha vertical opening 7, in which is a1'- ranged for vertical reciprocation, a knife a block or carrier 8, having a centralvertical opening 9 in which is secured a chisel knife 10, the lower chisel end of which depends from said block 8 and coperateswith an anvil plate 12 secured in a recess 13 in the bottom wall of the opening 7 in'said block 5. The knif may be secured in the block '8 in any suitable manner as b a set sc'rew 14 threaded through said bloc and engagin said knife with its inner end. This knife has a doubleinclined chisel end, as indicated in Fig. 2 for a purpose to be presently set forth. The knlfe block or carrier 8 is normally urged upward by a pair of expansion springs 15, the ends of which respectively abut the bottom ofthe opening 7,

on opposite sides of 'the plate.12, and the lower portion of said block or carrier 8. By

this means vthe carrier is automatically raised to locate the cutting edge of the knife at a point above the plate 12. The knife4 carrier or block is held in place in the open' ing 7 by keeper plates 0I, and is normally thrust laterally against saidplates by means of a spring 8n exerting its force expansively againstv thecback wall ofsaid opening 7,v and the vertical face of the knife carrier 8, the sidewise movement being at right angles to the line of cut, as will be, clear from Fig. 2. The articular' function of this arrangement wi l be presently described.- The plate or block 12, heretoforev described, is provided fwith a longitudinal passageway 1 6 leading to a point beneath the cutting edge af the knife, and openin through the opposite 'side of the block 5 rom that on which ysever the necessalvly portionto form for a bushin he strip of stock ner,.but I prefetto employ the meansshownvwith a slot 38 to receive the en rollers carries a gear 20 in mesh with a gear 21, mounted on a stub shaft 22 secured to one of the pedestals 19, said gear 21 having yconnected therewith a pawl -and ratchet clutch mechanism 23, the operating lever 24 of which is reciproca-ted by a connecting rod 25 'connecting said arm to a rock lever 26 fulcrumed on the frameas at 27, and having a cam follower pin 28 engaging an eccentric cam groove 29 .on arotatable cam disk 3() mounted on a horizontall disposed power Vshaft 31. The power sha t is mounted in suitable bearings on the frame and may be driven continuously in one direction by any suitable means. v It will vbe apparent that the construction of the feeding means is such 4as to intermittently feed the strip of stock forward step by step to the knife.

Mounted on the frame, and inline with the part 2, and spaced from the block'5 and the knife 10 is. a transversely arranged block, hereinafter referred to as a die block 32, having a vertical stop face 33against which the inner end of the strip of stock abuts previous to. being cut off by the knife,

so that the strips cut willy alwa s be of a determined length, the length o blank cut corresponding to the distance from the knife edge to said face 33. This length may ,be regulated by providing said stop face lfed to the knife to correspond tothe distance from the line of cut to said cut-off.

Arranged to reciprocate across the outer face of the' knife 10, and between the block 5, and the'blo'ck 32, is a reciprocable transfer slide 37 having a dovetail sliding-connection with a dovetail grove in the v rtical face of the block 5. This trans, er slide in retracted position extends by the knife and the opening16, and is f rovided of the strip being severed, andtransfer the same `to a forming 'die to be presently described. This transfer slide in its retracted position,

is arranged with said slot .inl line with the linel of feed of the strip of stock, so as to receive ,that end portionof the strip which 'Pis to be severed and which abuts the face plate 34. The transfer slide is timed to .transfervthe severed portion ofthe strip",

which is to be formed into thebushing, to int to oneside of the knife, and so as a, `o toring its slot 38 in line witha forming'or curling slide 39, which reciprocates at righty angles to the path of movement of the transfer slide 3T and moves the metal blank to the curling or forming die.. The transfer' slide is also formed with a vertical slot 4() opening through the bottom edge of the slide into said slot 38. for a purpose to be presently set forth. The curling or forming slide consists of a bed portion 41 sliding in guideways 42 inthe main frame from which rises a vertical blade member 4?), the

upper edge portion of which is adapted to reciprocate through the vertical slot 4() formed in the transfer slide and to project up far enough to engage the metal blank in the slot 38 to dislodge said blank from said fer slide. substantialljY as shown in G, 5 and 10 ofthe drawings. l will now describe the curling or forming die into which the metal blank is forced by the curling or forming slide 39, to be curled f rm shown in Fig. S of the draw- T tothe o ings. *or this purpose the die block 32 is formed with a horizontal cylindrical bore 44 extending at right angles to the line of f reciprocation of the curling or forming slide,

and at an intermediate point of this bore is located a cylindrical die bushing 45 held by guide bushings 4G, 47, arranged in said cylindrical bore on opposite sides of the cylindrical die. the bushings 46, 47, being held in position by set screws 48 threaded through the upper portion of said block 32. This cylindrical die bushing 45 is open at one edge through a slot 49 substantially,tan gential to the circumference of the internal cylindrical wall of the die, as clearly shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings. The arrange ment of the die and curling slide is such that when the metal blank is dislodged from the transfer slide and pushed forward by the curling slide, said blank will be pushed through the slot or opening 49 by the curling slide and curled up against the inner cylindrical surface of the curling die, the blade 43 of the curling slide entering the said slot 49, so that the entire metal blank is passed into the cylindrical bore of the curlingidie 45. The die block 32 may be recessed adjacent the entrance to the'die, as

32a, to receive a guide member 32h bolted to the bore of the same, and having at its end a reduced cylindrical core part 53`which,

when the mandrel is in one position, is located centrally ofthe cylindrical curling die 45, so that said core part 53 forms a mandrel or core about which the metal blank is curled in the space between the part 58, and the inner wall Iof the curling die 45 when said blank is forced into the die 45 by the curling slide 39.

lt will be understood that the feeding mechanism. the knife, the transfer slide, curling slide, and tne mandrel are so timed in their movements that the strip will be presented to the knife; then severed by the knife, whereupon it will be moved by the transfer slide into the path of movement of the curling slide, and the curling slide will then force it intothe curling die 45 around the core portion 53 of the mandrel. the mandrel-*netting means having a dwell for a period sufficient to hold the corepiece 55 in the die 45 during the curling of the blank, and the transfer slide having a y dwell long enough for the curling slide to pass through the same in forming the blank to the die, and then return to initial position. Any suitable means may be provided for producing the sequence of movements just set forth, which means may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

1 will now proceed to describe one way of operatingthe knife to cut the strip. Mounted on the part 3 of the frame is a standard comprising vertical spaced arms 54 upon which is fulcrumed a rock lever 55 adapted to engage the upper portion of the chisel knife to move the same downward to engage the strip to cut off a bushingl blank. I preferably provide an adjustable engagement between one end of said lever and the knife, the same comprising a thrust bolt 56 threaded through the lever and adapted to engage with its lower end upon the upper end of the knife, so that when the said lever is rocked in one direction, the knife willy be moved down to sever the strip, and when the lever is moved inthe opposite direction, the springs 15 will act on the oarrier block to raise the'knife. The forward end of the lever is also provided with a stop .screw 57 threaded therethrough and adapted to engage the upper surface of the block 5 to limit downward movement of the lever so that the knife in its downward movement will just meet. the block 12, and not cut into the same or be dulled thereby. The-lever may be timed by any suitable means so as to descend subsequent to the feeding of the strip, and'forthls purpose a reciprocating plunger 58, sliding in a vertical guide 59 on'the main frame and operated by an eccentric cam.60 en the shaft 3l, may be employed. s

The transfer slide 37, may be reciprocated by a lever 61 'carried by a horizontal rocky shaft 62, and having its free end in engage-vv ment with a pin 63, .connected -to the said s lide and projecting laterally therefrom -throigh a slot 64 in the block 5. The shaft 62 is rocked by an arm 65 connected thereto and engaging a cam groove 66 in the cam disk heretofore described.

The curling slide may be operated by a i grooved cam 67 mounted on the shaft 31, and

engaging a pin 68 carried by the base piece of said curling slide, and the mandrel may WNtime relation of the partsdescribed, is as ping chuck.

be operated by a bell-cranklever 69, fulcrumedon the frame as at 70, and having one of its .arms 71 ,pivotally en aging the mandrel carrier or bed 5l as at 2, and its other arm-7 3VprovidedV with a pin. 74 engaging a grooved cam 75 also mounted upon the shaft 31 to rotate therewith. So far the follows: The feeding mechanism feeds the strip forward a distance suilicient to supply one bushing blank, Awhereupon theknfe 10 descends, severing. the `blank froml the strip, then the transferslide 37 moves the severedblank away from the knife into the path jof movement of the curling slide 43, and the'latter then moves forward to enngage lthe blank andl force vthe same into the same against the'stop face on the block 32,-

due to the chiselknife forcing the strip of stock and the cut blank away. from each other. f 'f TheseV parts then return to their natural positions for'fthe cuttin and-transfer of the metal bla-nk, during w ich period the man drel with thel coreiece 53 moves forward with the curled meta blank and forcing the latter through a air of upper and lower compressing and orming d1e rollers 76, -arranged Vin, the bore 44, whereby the metal blank the `forni shown in Flg. 20 is reduced to' the form shown in Fig. 21, and the mandrel 50 continues its movement carrying the blankV in the'form shown in Fig.' 21 into a tapered die bushing 77 Iinf. lon 'tudinal alinement with thede 45, whereby he bushing blank is com ressed and shaped to the 'i members B22-'from whichploint it is moved "1 form shownin ig.`22 which is the com2 pleted commercial artic e. In the forward movement of the mandrel, thershould'er 53", engagesone .end of thebushing curled on the core-g'lart V53, so that the rope thrust is 'ven t e-bughi to cark 1t through the ro ers 76 andthe e 77. iter being subjected to the action of the tapered die bushing 7 7 lthe bushing is carried on still farther pb the mandrel-until it reaches a stripping c uck 78 having spring hook arms 79 which catch over the rear end of the completed bushing and holds the latter so that when the mandrel 50 is retracted to its initial position, aseshown in Figs. l, 3 andy 6, the completed bushing is stripped from the core portion-53 of the mandrel. As soon as the mandrel is returned to its initial position,

the feeding mechanism, knife, a` transfer slide and .curling slide, repeat the o eration heretofore described to a ain curl t e blank about the core portion o the mandrel, and the latter then-forces the curled blank suc; cessively throu hthe compressing or forming rollers, an

In the.forms of the invention shown in Figs. 14 and 15, the .cutting mechanism and, the transfer slide, and its operating mechanisr may be omitted, because the blanks from which the bushin are to be made, are previously-cut by ot er means. In this the tapered die vto the'stripl lform of the invention I provide a hobpper i arranged .over the pair of separated.v supports or armsy 32C spaced-.from the bottom of said hopper, substantially the'thickness of the blank, land adapted to support a .stack 79L of previously cut blanks arranged one above the other in the hopper, and

adapted to gravitate one by one onto said' support in the path of movement of the curling slide. In this arrangement, the burling slide 39 reciprocates between thev spaced supporting members orarms 32"`,'-and re' moves one blank at a time from the bottomof the stack in the hop er and 'forcesthe blank into 'the curling ie for the purpose heretofore described. l In Figs. 16 and 17, as shown, a further embodiment of the invention 'in which the transfer slide is dispensed with', and the l lcutting member transfers the cut blank from a lstrip vinto position to be engaged by the c urln slide to be presentedl to the curling die. In this form, a cutting plunger 8,0 is arranged inthe. block` 32 to reciprocate jby, and shear against, the vertical squaredend of that portion of the block 5 through which the strip of'stock is fed, said .cutting l' block being urgedl to retracted position by a spring 81, and .movedto shear the metal by the same means shown in-Figsgl, 2, 3 Aand f5. AIn its, downward movement, the cuttingblank moves .the cut metalblank down into the upper surface of spaced guide 4 by the curling'slid/e intot e curling die in the same manner.4 as' `heretofore described. The machine above described is adapted for manufacturing bushings .of vai'ious sizes within limitsgby mere y interchanging the die bushings .so as to provide one of the core part 53 is a shoulder 53, Which serves a purpose already described.

it will le understood that, in small busliy ings wherein the meta-l stock is necessarily thin5 it will not be obligatory to provide the inclined edges on the blank before curling. ln this case the shearing means shown in Figs. 1G and 1T may be employed.

ll'vhatl claim und desire to secure' by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. bushing consisting of a cylindrical body having the grain of the metal directed circuinlerentially, endl having a rounded end.

A. bushing consisting of a cylindrical body having the grain of the metal directed circumferentially, and having its opposite ends rounded.

3. A bushing consisting of a cylindrical body made from a blank of metal, the edges of which meet alongaline extending lengthwise of the body, and in which the grain oi' the metal extends circumferentially, said body having rounded ends.

4;. A bushing consisting of a cylindrical body made from a blanlr of metal, the edges of which meet along .a line extending lengthwise of the body and in which the grain of the metal extends circumferentially of the 'bushing and is compressed dui-inv the forming operation.

c bushing consisting of e cylindrical body= made from a blank of meta-l, the edges of which meet along a line extending lengthwise of said body in Which the grain extends circumferentially, said bushing being of greater length than the Width of blank from which the same is formed.

6. A bushing consisting of a cylindrical metallic body having the grain of the metal directed circumferentially of the bushing.

T. A. bushing consisting of e, cylindricul body made from s blank of inet-al7 the edges of which blank meet along a line extending lengthwise of the body5 and in which the grain of the metal extends circumferentially of the body.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my neme in the presence of two sul scribing Witnesses.

FRIEDERICH MULLER.

Witnesses C. Gr; HEYLMAN, E. lvl. Loonwoon. 

